Posts tagged ‘ecological design’
Coding Plants
Coding Plants: An Artificial Reef and Living Kelp Archive
19th International Architecture Exhibition: Intelligens. Natural. Artificial. Collective.
Venice, May 10 – Nov. 23, 2025.
This is a neo-natural kelp reef where architectural records are transformed into edible proteins. Encased in air-tight vitrines, a collection of suspended, dried seaweed specimens showcases a transgenic process. Scientists have embedded encoded information—texts, images, and drawings—directly into the genetic material of this engineered vegetation, effectively turning the reef into a living, edible library. The 3D model at the center of the reef physically represents the phrase Form Follows Function, ciphered in the AGTC sequence of DNA. This exhibition is accompanied by the sound composition Earth Ocean, by Paul D. Miller aka DJ Spooky.
The title Coding Plants reflects our vision of embedding digital information into living systems to transform how we design and build. A single gram of plant DNA can theoretically store up to 215 million gigabytes of data. The project articulates a dual premise: the encoding of semantic and spatial information within botanical systems, and the broader implication of living matter as programmable infrastructure. While kelp is technically a macroalgae, not a plant, we use the term “plants” broadly—referring both to botanical life and to systems of production, as in “manufacturing plants.” Kelp serves as our transgenic prototype due to its ecological value and its potential for DNA-based data storage. The name signals a future in which living organisms—plant or otherwise—become computational, functional elements of architecture.
In the future, libraries won’t be built, but grown. Botanical organisms will be genetically augmented to store the knowledge of specific architectural forms—houses, bridges, communal spaces, and more—that can be extracted and used to challenge polluting construction methods. The goal is to design urban environments that adapt and evolve in balance with their surrounding metabolism. Plants will function as living archives, encoding detailed information within their DNA, allowing users to guide and influence their growth and structural form. This approach integrates radical sustainability directly into a semi-natural ecosystem, creating a harmonious blend of hybrid nature and human innovation.
Coding Plants is a synthetic living reef that serves as the ultimate archive of design knowledge. By embedding complex architectural intelligence into live organisms, Coding Plants proposes a climate positive agenda in which nature is empowered at the genetic level. While this vision may appear speculative, it is grounded in recent breakthroughs in genetic engineering. This approach heralds a fertile architecture that reimagines conventional building practices while fostering resilience, adaptability, and ecosystem integration.
Publications
“Coding Plants,” Intelligens. Natural. Artificial. Collective: Exhibition Catalogue, Carlo Ratti (ed.)(Venice, IT: Biennale Architectura, 2025), 100.
“Coding Plants” e-flux architecture, May 8, 2025.
Press
«20,000 Files Under the Sea,» NYU News, July 30, 2025.
“In Venice, an Architecture Biennale with a Dystopian Flair“, Architectural Record, May 30, 2025.
“Maybe Venice is the city that can save the world, BBC, May 26, 2025.
“Apre la Biennale di Venezia,” Interni, May 9, 2025.
“La mostra Intelligens,” Elle decor, May 10, 2025.
“Harvard Graduate School of Design Community Makes a Strong Showing at the 2025 Venice Architecture Biennale,” GSD News, May 9, 2025.
Credits
Project: Terreform ONE, Mitchell Joachim, Peder Anker, Melanie Fessel, Paul D. Miller (aka DJ Spooky). Studio: Vivian Kuan (Executive Director), Julie Bleha. Design: David Paraschiv, Emily Young, Sky Achitoff, Avantika Velho, JJ Zhijie Jin. Science: Sebastian S. Cocioba, Chris Woebken, Oliver Medvedik. Collaborators: Wendy W. Fok, WE-DESIGNS. Media: Michelle Alves De Lima. Research: Nicholas Lynch, Ava Hudson, Marina Ongaro, Jerzelle Lim, Helen Gui. Sponsors: U.S. National Endowment for the Arts, Global Research Initiatives, Office of the Provost, New York University. Global Design NYU, Gallatin School of Individualized Study, New York University. Oslo School of Architecture and Design. RheinMain University of Applied Sciences. Special Thanks: Carlo Ratti, Curator of the 19th International Architecture Exhibition. Victoria Rosner, Dean of Gallatin School of Individualized Study at New York University.
Transitioning to Sustainable Cities
The unmatched influence that human societies are wielding on the natural world is a given based on changes in climate and the environment, also called the epoch of the Anthropocene. Do we need to investigate how that dominance changes the life of plants and animals in urban areas?
“Interview with Mitchell Joachim, Peder Anker and Nicholas Gervasi” in Transitioning to Sustainable Cities and Communities, Hubert Klumptner (et.al, eds.), (Basel: MDPI Books, 2024), p. 137-148. [PDF]
Views from the Outside
Climate change is a critical challenge facing our communities. Studies conducted by IPCC and other entities continue to demonstrate the enormous magnitude of this challenge and the increasing need for more effective responses at both the adaptation and mitigation levels. The complex causes of climate change and its diverse impact on our communities make this need more challenging. Making things more complicated, understanding these causes and consequences, as well as the possible solutions, requires us to look at the problem through multiple disciplinary lenses.
Peder Anker, Marty Matlock, Malkin Shoshan & Hazem Rashed-Ali, “Views from the Outside” in Technology/Architecture + Design, 8(1) (2024), 8–10. [PDF]
Design Against Extinction
This article reviews the eco-social design work of students at the Gallatin School of Individualized Studies at New York University over the last decade. Environmental justice movements and the effects of global warming pose significant challenges to the architecture of dwellings, landscapes, and urban design communities. In response, students have placed socially and ecologically sensitive projects at the center of their design education. The justifiable moral outrage of our students has prompted us and them to rethink the methods by which we teach and imagine social environmentalism from the perspective of equity, inclusion, and the biosphere.
“Design Against Extinction at New York University,” with Mitchell Joachim, Spool, 10:1 (2023), 121-132. [PDF]
Commemorating COVID
A worldwide event as consequential as the COVID-19 pandemic deserves to have a memorial. How can compassionate architects and designers confront our understanding of memorial design in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic?
“Commemorating COVID,” with Mitchell Joachim and Paul D. Miller, in The Pandemic Effect, Braine Brownell (ed.), (Princeton: Princeton Architectural Press, 2023), 44-45.
Archiagape
Perhaps the architecture profession needs a new name? How about replacing “architecture” with “archiagape”? This is the lecture I gave at the Venice Biennale of Architecture in May 2021. Published as “Archiagape” in Ambiguous Territory: Architecture, Landscape and the Postnatural, Chris Perry (et.al.) (eds.), (Barcelona: Actar, 2022), 298-302. [PDF]
Greenwashing a Nation
Norwegians like to think of Norway as being an alternative environmentally sound nation compared with the rest of the world. They fashion themselves and their country as a microcosm for a better macrocosm. The reality is that this greenwashing of a nation is powered by the money from the oil, and that my native Norway has little to be proud about.
Time Landscape
“Time Landscape,” in Expansions: How Will We Live Together? Hashim Sarkis and Ala Tannir (eds.), (Venice: 17th International Architecture Exhibition – La Biennale di Venezia, 2021), 176-178. [PDF]
My review of The Responsive Environment
Larry D. Busbea, The Responsive Environment: Design, Aesthetics and the Human in the 1970s. (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2020).
Environmental History, 25:4 (2020). [PDF]
Ecology in Design: In Conversation
Ecology in Design: In Conversation with Nina Edwards Anker and Peder Anker.
The American Scandinavian Society with Garette Johnson. June 24 2020.
Peder Anker 